I'm not sure if you're having the same problem, but I had something similar recently. My mouse(Logitech as well, G400s) started cutting out on flick shots and then if I didn't move it for a few seconds it would suddenly vomit out all the inputs since it cut out and proceed to work again. After that, the mouse started just cutting out until I pulled out the cord for a few seconds and put it back in again, which eventually turned into not working altogether until I rebooted. If I left it long enough without rebooting(a few minutes), I would get blue screens saying "BUGCODE_USB_DRIVER".

However, I could plug in other mice and they would work absolutely fine and none of my other USB devices would malfunction, let alone cause a stop error. I also had this problem on all of the USB ports, both front panel and motherboard. The mouse would however exhibit the exact same behaviour on different computers. My guess was that the cable had broken internally at the point where it enters the mouse because I could see the wire through the sleeve of the cord, but I didn't really bother to investigate further.

If you tried his mouse which works perfectly fine on his PC in the same port where your mouse has been having issues, sounds like a motherboard problem. I would venture to say that USB port is dying.

Check your cmos battery?
http://www.teamfortress.tv/post/457231/usb-devices-not-recognized

well i got a stock dell mouse, and while its a piece of shit, it hasnt failed on me yet. idk what the implications are but i might try buying a different mouse from microcenter later.

have you tried uninstalling and getting a newer version of the Logitech Gaming Software driver?

dr jerm suggested that and to do windows updates a couple hours ago. i just turned my pc back on a bit ago from the updates so ill do it now.
EDIT: didnt work

This is a common logitech mouse problem. It will just keep getting worse and worse over time. It's happened with my mx518 and g500s.

Contact logitech warranty and they will send you a replacement.

ok so i got a cheap gigabyte mouse while i wait for logitech to send me a new 500, does anyone have a link to one of those programs to cancel mouse accel?

You don't want a 500. Ask for a G502 Proteus Core. I've had my G500 and G500S replaced literally 4 times before they sent me a G502 which has been working well for a year now.

If they don't respond, just go to better business bureau and they'll suck your dick.

Mouse cords go out and they can cause intermittent shorts. On my old MX518 mouse I had to replace the cord twice but I did get about 5 years of use out of that mouse before retiring it.

If your mouse is under warranty, contact logitech. If it is not under warranty, go on ebay and buy an OEM replacement logitech cord. Usually about $6 shipped from China. You will need to loosen up your mouse feet then undo a couple screws. If you are careful in loosening up your mouse feet you may be able to reuse them, if not you should be able to get replacements on ebay. Once you have the mouse open there should be a 5 pin plug that you can unplug pretty easily and put in the new cord.

If you have an old cheapo mouse laying around that is a logitech (maybe other brand will work also?) there is a good chance it uses the same mouse cord type and plug. I had a $5 HP mouse which was made by logitech, I took the cord out of this mouse the first time I replaced the cord on my MX518. It lasted a year, then I ended up ordering an OEM one on ebay.

Is it something like this happening? I've had this happen twice with G500s mice, and now I've just given up on them and bought a Deathadder.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6oIRWxNnSl4